The Church of San Blas, the oldest in Cusco, is a true treasure of colonial art. Its history and beauty attract all those who seek to explore the artistic legacy of the city. Every corner of this church reflects centuries of faith and culture, making it a must-visit for anyone in the city of Cusco.
The Church of San Blas: The Oldest in Cusco and a Treasure of Colonial Art
The Church of San Blas is located in the San Blas neighborhood, known as the “Artists’ Quarter”. It was built over an Inca sanctuary dedicated to the worship of the god “Illapa,” who was considered in the Andean worldview as the god of Lightning, Thunder, and Storms.
The church is a central point in Cusco’s religious and cultural life, reflecting the richness of cultural blending that defines the city, combining colonial architecture with Indigenous elements.
Visiting it is a unique experience for those who want to connect with the history and art of the Cusco School legacy.
History of the Church of San Blas
It was one of the first parishes built in the city of Cusco by order of Viceroy Francisco de Toledo, forming part of the first five parishes established during that time, and is considered one of the oldest churches of the colonial period.
The construction of the church began in 1544, during the period of Cusco’s second bishop, Friar Juan Solano. Some sources state it was opened after 1559 under Viceroy Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza.
The church was initially founded as an Indigenous parish in 1572, at the initiative of the magistrate Juan Polo de Ondegardo, who chose the Tococache area, where the huacas of Inca rulers Viracocha, Túpac Yupanqui, and Huayna Cápac were located.
The current temple was rebuilt after the earthquake of 1650, although it retains the typical features of Indigenous parishes founded during the rule of Viceroy Toledo.
The entire structure is made of adobe, with gabled roofs, and it features modest decoration. It has been officially recognized as part of the Nation’s Cultural Heritage since 1972.
Architecture and Design
The architecture of the Church of San Blas is an example of the Andean colonial style, blending Spanish influences with native elements. Built in the 16th century, it is located in the traditional San Blas neighborhood just a short walk from Cusco’s main square. Below are some key features of its architecture and design:
| ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN | DESCRIPTION |
| Structure | The church has a single-nave structure. The design of the church is simple, which is typical of the oldest churches in Cusco, but the interior decoration contrasts with the austerity of the facade. The materials used primarily include stone and adobe, typical materials of the region, reflecting the local architectural tradition. |
| Facade | The exterior facade is sober and modest, maintaining a classic Andean Baroque style. One of the most distinctive elements in the facade is the balcony, which served as an open chapel where ceremonies were held and those who could not enter the temple would participate. |
| Interior | The most prominent feature is the main altar, a masterpiece of Cusco colonial carpentry, carved in cedar and covered in gold leaf, with a highly elaborate Baroque style filled with details and adornments. Within the ornamentation and art, the Church of San Blas houses a variety of paintings from the Cusco School, an artistic style where Catholic European iconography blends with indigenous influences. |
| Andean Baroque Design | Like many colonial churches in Cusco, the design and decorative elements of the church show significant indigenous influence, especially in the patterns and symbols used in the ornamentation. |
The Famous Wood Carved Pulpit
The pulpit of the Church of San Blas is a masterpiece of Andean Baroque. Some features of this religious art reference are:
| FEATURES | DESCRIPTION |
| Material and Technique | The carving is entirely made of cedar wood. The pulpit highlights the precision of its finish, the richness of its details, and the carved figures are very impressive. |
| Andean Baroque Style | Reflected in the numerous decorations of the pulpit, with figures, adornments, and highly complex details. The carving includes religious elements such as angels, saints, and biblical scenes, with figures influenced by indigenous traditions. |
| Artistic Detail | At the top of the pulpit, one can appreciate the figure of Christ. The skill of the carver is evident in the details of the human figures, especially in their facial expressions and the folds of the clothing. |
| Authorship | Many claim it was the work of the most famous Quechua carver and assembler, Juan Tomás Tuyro Tupaq, a contemporary and protege of Mollinedo y Angulo, who commissioned the execution of numerous works. |
| Cultural and Religious Importance | It is considered one of the finest examples of Cusco colonial carpentry. Its artistic and cultural value makes it a key piece for visitors to the Church of San Blas, praised by art historians. |
Hours, Prices, and How to Get There
The visiting hours are:
- Monday to Sunday from 08:00 am – 05:30 pm
If you’re interested in visiting the Church of San Blas and enjoying its impressive architecture and colonial art, it’s important to know the entrance prices. Below is detailed information about the access fees:
| Adult | Student | |
| Full Tickets | s/. 30.00 | s/. 15.00 |
| Partial Tickets | s/. 10.00 | s/. 5.00 |
The Church of San Blas is located just 5-10 minutes walking from the Plaza de Armas. Head northeast, up the Triunfo street, which passes next to the Cusco Cathedral. This street will take you directly to the San Blas neighborhood, where you will find the church and the square of the same name.
Tips for Your Visit
| Keep in mind that the access doors close at 6:00 pm, so it’s recommended to arrive a few minutes earlier to enjoy a more relaxed and comfortable visit. |
| The San Blas neighborhood has steep streets, so it’s advisable to wear comfortable shoes and light clothing, especially if you plan to walk from Plaza de Armas. |
| Consider hiring a guide or joining a guided tour to learn more about the history and cultural significance of the church and its artworks. |
| Take advantage of your visit to explore the picturesque San Blas neighborhood, famous for its art galleries and local handicraft shops. |
